Inside Mulkirigala: an ancient Buddhist cliff monastery near Tangalle

Изображение сгенерировано нейросетью Dall-e

Just inland from Sri Lanka’s southern coast, tucked into lush greenery near Tangalle, a cliff a little over 200 meters tall rises above the trees. On its ledges sits the ancient temple complex of Mulkirigala—one of the region’s oldest Buddhist monasteries, approaching two millennia in age. Despite its years, it remains one of the south’s most evocative, atmospheric places.

The rock that holds the temples

To reach the shrines, visitors climb more than 500 steps, passing terraces, caves, carved gateways, and age-worn statues along the way. Seven cave temples are set into the rock, each with its own story. Inside are images of the Buddha—seated, standing, and reclining—while the walls carry centuries-old paintings that have survived with striking clarity.

From the summit, broad views open over the jungle. The hush and the height create the sense that time moves differently here.

Nearly 2,000 years of history

Historians note that the monastery emerged in the 3rd century CE, during the reign of King Saddhatissa. Over the centuries, the complex was rebuilt, expanded with new chambers, and adorned with frescoes. It changed most visibly under the Kandyan kings, a period when arts and crafts flourished across Sri Lanka.

Today, Mulkirigala is officially recognized as a monument of national significance. Pilgrims and travelers come to witness history that still feels alive.

What waits inside

The complex’s chief treasure is its murals, which illustrate episodes from the Buddha’s life and his previous incarnations. They were created in the traditional Sri Lankan style: intricate lines and rich hues that, though faded, remain distinct.

Beyond the frescoes, the caves preserve wooden columns, carved arches, old doors, and statues. The atmosphere suggests how monastic interiors may have looked centuries ago, intimate rather than grand.

Why it’s worth the climb

For all its deep history, Mulkirigala is less visited than the famous Sigiriya. That lack of crowds is part of its charm: it’s easier to feel the quiet of the place and the measured rhythm of monastic life.

The drive from Tangalle takes about half an hour. The staircase can be demanding, but there are rest landings, and the view from the top more than repays the effort.

Compelling even if you’re not traveling

The complex appeals beyond the circle of frequent travelers. Admirers of history, culture, and Buddhism will find the essentials intact here—ancient murals, rock-cut shrines, traces of long-standing traditions.

It is a rare case of nature and architecture moving in step: the rock is not just a base but part of the temple itself, a truth that reveals itself in every detail.